Fehervary, H. | Search bioRxiv

bioRxiv2025

Community Challenge towards Consensus on Characterization of Biological Tissue: C4Bios First Findings

This study investigates methodological variability across various expert laboratories worldwide, with regards to characterizing the mechanical properties of biological tissues. Two testing rounds were conducted on the specific use case of uniaxial tensile testing of porcine aorta. In the first round, 24 labs were invited to apply their established methods to assess inter-laboratory variability. This revealed significant methodological diversity and associated variability in the stress-stretch results, underscoring the necessity for a standardized approach. In the second round, a consensus protocol was collaboratively developed and adopted by 19 labs in an attempt to minimize variability. This involved standardized sample preparation and uniformity in testing protocol, including the use of a common cutting and thickness measurement tool. Despite protocol harmonization, significant variability persisted across labs, which could not be solely attributed to inherent biological differences in tissue samples. These results illustrate the challenges in unifying testing methods across different research settings, underlining the necessity for further refinement of testing practices. Enhancing consistency in biomechanical experiments is pivotal when comparing results across studies, as well as when using the resulting material properties for in silico simulations in medical research.

bioengineering↗

bioRxiv2025

Stretching the Limits: From Planar-Biaxial Stress-Stretch to Arterial Pressure-Diameter

Understanding the physiological condition of the vascular system is critical to explain, treat, and manage vascular disease. Numerous experimental and computational studies characterize the mechanical behavior of arterial tissue under controlled laboratory conditions. However, translating this knowledge into physiologically realistic conditions remains challenging. Key difficulties include selecting suitable and relevant test methods, minimizing uncertainty, and ensuring robust model validation. We present a novel integrative approach to translate laboratory experiments on arterial samples into clinically relevant pressure-diameter behavior. We perform controlled planar-biaxial tests on carotid arteries under three stretch ratios and generate axial and circumferential stress-stretch data to calibrate a fiber-reinforced soft tissue model. Using an analytical thick-walled cylindrical model, we predict subject-specific pressure-diameter behavior, informed by arterial prestretches from ring opening experiments. We systematically compare predictions against extension-inflation experiments on tubes from the same artery by applying controlled pairs of axial stretch and inner pressure, while recording outer diameter. We quantify prediction error in absolute and relative stretch regimes and evaluate the importance of the load-free reference dimensions. Results show how planar-biaxial tests probe different stretch regimes compared to extension-inflation deformations, leading to extrapolation of model predictions. We demonstrate how the constitutive material parameters can be fitted to different biomechanical loading conditions and assess the sensitivity of the simulations to axial stretch and circumferential prestretch. Only when key model parameters are accurately captured and their uncertainty propagated, planar-biaxial stress-stretch data can reliably predict arterial pressure-diameter behavior.

bioengineering↗