Cortinas Rodriguez, J. A. | Search bioRxiv

bioRxiv2023

Climate Change and Phenological Monitoring of the Indigenous Godello Variety in a Territory of Heroic Viticulture and Biosphere Reserve

An evaluation of the phenological behaviour of the indigenous Godello variety of vineyard was conducted within the Souto Chao plot in the year 2023. This plot is located in a wine-growing region holding a Designation of Origin (Ribeira Sacra DO) located in the North-West of the Iberian Peninsula. A similar study had been conducted in 2017 and 2018, focusing on the same Godello variety within the identical plot involving the same plant as the current study. The assessment utilized the BBCH scale, a system proposed by Biologische Bundesanstalt fur Land und Forstwirtschaft, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie. The average duration of the vegetative cycle in the initial two years under examination was 167 days (161 and 174 days in 2017 and 2018, respectively), while in 2023 it was 164 days. In these three years studies during 2017, 2018 and 2023, the longest phenological phase was of 79 days when majority of the berries were touching). The primary objective of this study is to ascertain the nature and extent of changes in the crops phenology within the timeframe between the initial two years analysed (2017 and 2018) and the present year, 2023.

plant biology↗

bioRxiv2021

Sustainable use of plant protection products in heroic viticulture areas.Reducing risks to the environment and winemaking.

ObjectiveThe aim and objective of this article is to focus on the importance of the rational use of plant protection products to combat vine fungi and at the same time reduce their risks to human health and the environment. The integrated management of fungal diseases aims to achieve the development of healthy crops with the minimum alteration of agro-ecosystems and the promotion of natural mechanisms. Material and methodsThe study was carried out in one vineyard in Ribeira Sacra (North-West Spain) during 2018. Souto vineyard is located at 438 m above mean sea level (42{degrees} 24 27.67" N 7{degrees} 28 20.06" W; northwest-southeast orientation) in the lower terraces of the river Sils banks, following the contour lines and with gradients of up to 80%. The variety studied was Godello, for sampling the reproductive structures in the air (spores of Botrytis and Erysiphe and sporangia of Plasmopara), a Lanzoni VPPS-2000(R) spore trap (Lanzoni s.r.l., Bologna, Italy) was used. ResultsThe Botrytis Seasonal Spore Integral (SSIn) was markedly higher than for the other pathogens under consideration. Taking into account the maximum daily values, a clear dominance of Botrytis spores was also found, with a maximum of 397 spores/m3 at the beginning of June, while Erysiphe and Plasmopara were recorded at around 26 and 227 spores/m3, respectively, at the beginning of august and mid-July. The statistical analysis of the spore concentrations and the main meteorological variables showed for Erysiphe that the highest Spearmans r correlation coefficient corresponded to the rainfall, as for Plasmopara airbone sporangia, but with a negative sign, while for Botrytis spores, no significant correspondence was found for any meteorological parameter. ConclusionThe use of plant protection products can be much more effective if fungicides are applied at the right time, at the precise doses and combined with agricultural techniques of management of the vineyards. There are sustainable and profitable alternatives that can improve vine yields while protecting the environment in areas of heroic viticulture where the vineyard, is a fundamental element of the wine-growing landscape, combining as it does historical, cultural and landscape characteristics.

pathology↗