Biology subjects

Clinton, S. K.

Publications and source records attributed to Clinton, S. K..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Stearoyl-CoA Desaturases regulate stem and progenitor cell metabolism and function in response to nutrient abundance

Dietary components and metabolites play a critical role in regulating intestinal stem and progenitor cell function and proliferation. Here we show that Stearoyl-CoA Desaturases (SCDs), which regulate intracellular saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids ratios, are induced in response to nutrient abundance, especially in the distal intestine, and regulate intestinal homeostasis. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SCDs altered lipid metabolism, increased ER stress, and reduced proliferative intestinal stem and progenitor cells in intestinal organoids. These effects were largely mitigated by oleic acid supplementation. Intestinal epithelium-specific deletion of Scd1 and Scd2 led to metabolic rewiring, leading to expansion of progenitor cell populations. DSS-induced epithelial damage revealed a dependence on SCD enzymes during regeneration, accelerating epithelial damage and inflammation in intestines lacking epithelial Scd1 and Scd2. These findings underscore key metabolic pathways and dependencies that enable intestinal stem and progenitor cells to adapt to nutrient fluctuations and support epithelial tissue regeneration following injury.

physiology↗

bioRxiv2023

The MYC axis in advanced prostate cancer is impacted through concurrent targeting of ERβ and AR using a novel ERβ-selective ligand alongside Enzalutamide

We have dissected the role of Estrogen receptor beta (ER{beta}) in prostate cancer (PCa) with a novel ER{beta} ligand, OSU-ERb-12. Drug screens revealed additive interactions between OSU-ERB-12 and either epigenetic inhibitors or the androgen receptor antagonist, Enzalutamide (Enza). Clonogenic and cell biolody studies supported the potent additive effects of OSU-ERB-12 (100nM) and Enza (1{micro}M). The cooperative behavior was in PCa cell lines treated with either OSU- ERB-12 plus Enza or combinations involving 17{beta}-estradiol (E2). OSU-ERb-12 plus Enza uniquely impacted the transcriptiome, accessible chromatin, and the AR, MYC and H3K27ac cistromes. This included skewed transcriptional responses including suppression of the androgen and MYC transcriptomes, and repressed MYC protein. OSU-ERb-12 plus Enza uniquely impacted chromatin accessibility at approximately 3000 nucleosome-free sites, enriched at enhancers, enriched for basic Helix-Loop-Helix motifs. CUT&RUN experiments revealed combination treatment targeting of MYC, AR, and H3K27ac again shaping enhancer accessibility. Specifically, it repressed MYC interactions at enhancer regions enriched for bHLH motifs, and overlapped with publicly-available bHLH cistromes. Finally, cistrome-transcriptome analyses identified [~]200 genes that distinguished advanced PCa tumors in the SU2C cohort with high androgen and low neuroendocrine scores. Statement of ImplicationTargeting ER{beta} has potentially to augment AR antagonism to restrain MYC signaling and limit growth of advanced prostate cancer.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2023

Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal Tomato Consumption Alters Hepatic Xenobiotic Metabolism and Induces Steroidal Alkaloid Metabolite Accumulation in Mice

ScopeTomato consumption is associated with many health benefits including lowered risk for developing certain cancers. It is hypothesized that tomato phytochemicals are transported to the liver and other tissues where they alter gene expression in ways that lead to favorable health outcomes. However, the effects of tomato consumption on mammalian liver gene expression and chemical profile are not well defined. Methods and resultsWe hypothesized that tomato consumption would alter mouse liver transcriptomes and metabolomes compared to a control diet. C57BL/6 mice (n=11-12/group) were fed a macronutrient matched diet containing either 10% red tomato, 10% tangerine tomato, or no tomato powder for 6 weeks after weaning. RNA-Seq followed by gene set enrichment analyses indicated that tomato type and consumption, in general, altered expression of phase I and II xenobiotic metabolism genes. Untargeted metabolomics experiments revealed distinct clustering between control and tomato fed animals. Nineteen molecular formulas (representing 75 chemical features) were identified or tentatively identified as steroidal alkaloids and isomers of their phase I and II metabolites; many of which are reported for the first time in mammals. ConclusionThese data together suggest tomato consumption may impart benefits partly through enhancing detoxification potential.

biochemistry↗