VO2max prediction based on submaximal cardiorespiratory relationships and body composition in male runners and cyclists: a population study
ObjectivesOxygen uptake (VO2) is one of the most important measures of fitness and critical vital sign. CPET is a valuable method of assessing fitness in sport and clinical settings. This study aimed to: (1) derive prediction models for maximal VO2 (VO2max) based on exercise variables at anaerobic threshold (AT) or respiratory compensation point (RCP) or only somatic and (2) internally validate provided equations. Methods4424 male endurance athletes (EA) underwent maximal symptom-limited CPET on a treadmill (n=3330) or cycle ergometer (n=1094). The cohort was randomly divided between: variables selection (nrunners=1998; ncyclist=656), model building (nrunners=666; ncyclist=219) and validation (nrunners=666; ncyclist=219). Random Forest was used to select the most significant variables. Models were derived and internally validated with Multiple Linear Regression. ResultsRunners were 36.24{+/-}8.45 yrs.; BMI=23.94{+/-}2.43 kg{middle dot}m-2; VO2max=53.81{+/-}6.67 mL{middle dot}min-1{middle dot}kg-1. Cyclists were 37.33{+/-}9.13 yr.; BMI=24.34{+/-}2.63 kg{middle dot}m-2; VO2max=51.74{+/-}7.99 mL{middle dot}min-1{middle dot}kg-1. VO2 at AT and RCP were the most contributing variables to exercise equations. Body mass and body fat had the highest impact on the somatic equation. Model performance for VO2max based on variables at AT was R2=0.81, at RCP was R2=0.91, at AT&RCP was R2=0.91 and for somatic-only was R2=0.43. ConclusionsDerived prediction models were highly accurate and fairly replicable. Formulae allow for precise estimation of VO2max based on submaximal exercise performance or somatic variables. Presented models are applicable for sport and clinical settling. They are a valuable supplementary method for fitness practitioners to adjust individualised training recommendations. FundingThe author(s) received no specific funding for this work.