Biology subjects

Chatterjee, P. N.

Publications and source records attributed to Chatterjee, P. N..

5 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Copy number variations in mitochondrial DNA has a potent role in parasitic immunity against Haemonchus contortus-A novel report

Mitochondria is a cellular organelle responsible for a variety of function, apart from energy production through oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, apoptosis, plays a major role in iron and calcium metabolism and immune functions against pathogens (bacterial, viral or parasitic). Unlike nucleus, mitochondria exist in multiple copies, with many copies of mitochondrial DNA. A metabolically active cell possess about 103 and 104 copies of the mitochondrial genome. Lowered mtDNA copy number leads to disorders or disease, in a similar way as mutation in mtDNA causes a wide range of disease or disorders. In this current article, we estimated mtDNA copy number through QPCR analysis of cytochrome B gene and revealed that healthy individuals have better mtDNA copy number compared to that of the infected ones under natural challenge in sheep model against the parasite Haemonchus contortus infection. We diagnosed the infected animals for H. contortus primarily with symptoms, followed by Faecal egg count and final confirmation through molecular diagnosis. We had characterized the cytochrome B gene from abomasum(stomach) of sheep, which is the site of predilection of this parasite. In our lab, earlier we have documented certain immune response nuclear genes to have antiparasitic role. We had reported the mutations in cytochrome B leading to debility and disease in sheep. Quantitative expression profile for cytochrome B is an indication of the copy number of mitochondrial genes and we observed significantly better expression profile of cytochrome B in healthy sheep in comparison to infected one. Thus, mitochondrial copy number is directly associated with antiparasitic immunity, first time reported.

genomics↗

bioRxiv2024

Supplemental Dietary Nano Zinc Can Impart Higher Antioxidant Status by Modulating Cu-Zn SOD Expression

Zinc seems to be the most critical micronutrients dietary adequacy of which ensures optimum health and body defence. Considering its immunomodulation potency, zinc is often used for dietary fortification more particularly in face of challenges. However indiscriminate use of zinc as therapeutic agent often leads to secondary deficiencies of other critical nutrients due to the unwanted antagonism with other interacting nutrients available in gut. In the present study we targeted to devise a nano-structured zinc which will remain inert to other dietary micronutrients present in gut to ensure its high bioavailability. An environment benign colloidal chemistry route was employed for the synthesis of nano-dimensional zinc oxide. The microanalytical characterizations revealed that the apparent particle size of our nano-Zinc oxide ranged between 30-40 nm. The as-synthesized ZnO-NP was used for dietary fortification and the MTT assay confirmed the safe limit for its dietary inclusion. The antioxidant potential of the synthesized nano-zinc was evaluated in milk fish (Chanos chanos) considering it as a model organism. We have employed Cu-Zn SOD gene as molecular marker for antioxidant assessment with integral zinc binding sites. We have characterized Cu-Zn SOD gene in Chanos chanos for the first time and identified certain important zinc binding sites present in the Cu-Zn SOD. A significantly better expression profile of Cu-Zn SOD was observed among the fish fed dietary ZnO-NP and the best effect was observed when the fish feed was fortified with 20 ppm ZnO-NP. The outcome of this study ensures the higher bioavailability of the synthesized ZnO-NP to be assimilated into Cu-Zn SOD, which in turn imparts higher body antioxidant. Nano zinc being inert, may directly bind through the zinc binding sites of Cu-Zn SOD molecules thereby leads to its better expression and more antioxidant status through molecular interaction with other molecules through longevity regulating pathway as explored by the String and KEGG pathway analysis carried out in the present investigation.

genomics↗

bioRxiv2024

Influence of Incorporating Full-Fat Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (BSFLM) in Meat Type Chicken Diets on the Lower Gut Short Chain Fatty Acids profile, Gut Morphology and Intestinal Lesion Score

Though protein demand is increasing day by day but the animal protein industry on a global scale is facing the biggest challenge of replacing antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) to raise broiler chickens. Using AGP is a long-standing practice to include in poultry diets for improving the intestinal health and subsequent performance of the broiler chicken. Due to increased restrictions and bans on the usage of antibiotics, the poultry-producing community is in search of a suitable and sustainable alternative to AGPs. The present study was aimed at to evaluate and analyte the potential impacts and consequences associated with the inclusion of black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in a commercially available meat type chicken when compared to diets that either contained or lacked the presence of antibiotic growth promoters, specifically enramycin at a concentration of 8% and chlortetracycline at a concentration of 15%. Our study also assessed the influence of inclusion of BSFLM on cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and the gut health. 180 male day-old Vencobb430Y chicks (mean BW 42.52 g) (P > 0.05) were randomly allocated into isonitrogenous and isoenergetic dietary treatments in three equal groups. BSFLM group has exhibited significant higher concentration of short chain fatty acids in cecum like acetate, isobutyrate, butyrate, and total SCFAs compared to both the AGP and CONTROL groups (P<0.05). The villi height of duodenum and jejunum remained significantly higher in BSFLM supplemented birds as compared to the AGP group (P<0.05). From the analysis of frequency plots depicting the severity of intestinal lesions, it was observed that the presence of serosa and mucosa congestion in the anterior sections of the gastrointestinal tract was within the expected range for both the CONTROL and AGP groups, thus indicating that this particular physiological condition can be considered as normal in these experimental groups. In the duodenal part, incorporating BSFL meal showed significantly higher villi height and crypt depth compared with CONTROL and AGP (P<0.05). Inclusion of full-fat BSF has improved overall intestinal health and lower lesion scores compared to the CONTROL and AGP groups. The present investigation explored thepotential of incorporating full-fat black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal into the dietary regimens of broilers for sgnificantly bolstering the health and functionality of their gastrointestinal tract, particularly in instances where the inclusion of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP) is deliberately omitted from said diets.

zoology↗

bioRxiv2022

Molecular phylogenetic analysis for Ovis aries with whole mitochondrial genome sequencing

Domestication of Ovis aries has taken place time immorial across the different geographical regions across the globe. Biodiversity among the sheep population has been interesting to study by a group of researchers based on mitochondrial genes like Cytochrome B, D loop. The current study is a novel attempt to understand the molecular phylogenomics among Ovis aries through all the 37 genes of mitochondria. We have analyzed complete mitochondrial genome sequencing for sheep breeds for West Bengal as Garole, Chotanagpuri, Bonpala and Birbhum sheep. Phylogenetic analysis reveals genetic similarity between Garole and Chotanagpuri brred of sheep, where as Birbhum and Bonpala were found to be genetically distinct. Phylogenomics in a global prospect reveal three lineages, Lineage A comprise of sheep from West Bengal grouped with Tibetan sheep. Lineage B consists of sheep population across the other parts including Europe (France, Denmark), Africa and Syro-Arabian desert, whereas Lineage C emerged as smaller outgroup.

genomics↗

bioRxiv2020

RIG-I has a role in immunity against Haemonchus contortus, a gastrointestinal parasite in Ovis aries- a novel report.

RIG-I is associated to the DExD/H box RNA Helicases. It is a Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR), playing a crucial role in the system and is a germ line encoded host sensor to perceive Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns or PAMPs. So far reports were available for the role of RIG-I in antiviral immunity. This is the first report we have documented the role of RIG-I in parasitic immunity. Haemonchus contortus is a deadly parasite affecting sheep industry which has a tremendous economic importance and the parasite reported to be prevalent in the hot and humid agroclimatic region. We had characterized RIG-I gene in sheep (Ovis aries) and identified the important domains or binding site with Haemonchus contortus through in silico studies. Differential mRNA expression analysis revealed upregulation of RIG-I gene in abomassum of infected sheep compared to that of healthy sheep, further confirming the findings. Thus it is evident that in infected sheep, expression of RIG-I is triggered for binding to more pathogen (Haemonchus contortus). Genetic similar studies with human and other livestock species were conducted to reveal that sheep may be efficiently used a model organism for studying the role of RIG-I in antiparasitic immunity of human.

genomics↗