Biology subjects

Chatelle, C.

Publications and source records attributed to Chatelle, C..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2019

Tracking attention in a visual active paradigm for the diagnosis of disorders of consciousness

AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWO_ST_ABSBackgroundC_ST_ABSClinical assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) relies on the clinicians ability to detect a behavioral response to an instruction (e.g., "squeeze my hand"). However, recent studies have shown that some of these patients can produce volitional brain responses to command while no behavioral response is present. This highlights the importance of developing motor-independent diagnostic tool for this population, complementing standardized behavioral evaluation. We here evaluate the ability of a novel gaze-independent attention-based EEG paradigm to detect volitional attentional processes in patients with disorders of consciousness. MethodsThirty patients with DOC were included in the study: 12 with an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, 16 in a minimally conscious state (MCS), two who emerged from a MCS. Patients were randomly instructed to either concentrate on a task or rest while brain activity was recorded using EEG during a gaze-independent paradigm. ResultsOne of two EMCS, one of 16 MCS and one of 12 UWS patients showed a response to command using the attention task. Interestingly, this method could detect a brain-based response to command in one MCS patient who did not present a behavioral response to command at the bedside the day of the assessment. ConclusionThis study show that task-related variation of attention during an active task could help to objectively detect response to command in patients with DOC.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2019

CRISPR/Cas13a powered electrochemical microfluidic biosensor for nucleic acid amplification-free miRNA diagnostics

Non-coding small RNAs, such as microRNAs, are becoming the biomarkers of choice for multiple diseases in clinical diagnostics. A dysregulation of these microRNAs can be associated to many different diseases, such as cancer, dementia or cardiovascular conditions. The key for an effective treatment is an accurate initial diagnosis at an early stage, improving the patients survival chances. Here, we introduce a CRISPR/Cas13a powered microfluidic, integrated electrochemical biosensor for the on-site detection of microRNAs. Through this unique combination, the quantification of the potential tumor markers microRNA miR-19b and miR-20a has been realized without any nucleic acid amplification. With a readout time of 9 minutes and an overall process time of less than 4 hours, a limit of detection of 10 pM was achieved, using a measuring volume of less than 0.6 {micro}l. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of our versatile sensor platform to detect miR-19b in serum samples of children, suffering from brain cancer. The validation of our results with a standard qRT-PCR method shows the ability of our system to be a low-cost and target amplification-free tool for nucleic acid based diagnostics.

molecular biology↗

bioRxiv2018

Decreased integration of EEG source-space networks in disorders of consciousness

Increasing evidence links disorders of consciousness (DOC) with disruptions in functional connectivity between distant brain areas. However, to which extent the balance of brain network segregation and integration is modified in DOC patients remains unclear. Using high-density electroencephalography (EEG), the objective of our study was to characterize the local and global topological changes of DOC patients functional brain networks.\n\nResting state high-density-EEG data were collected and analyzed from 82 participants: 61 DOC patients recovering from coma with various levels of consciousness (EMCS (n=6), MCS+ (n=29), MCS- (n=17) and UWS (n=9)), and 21 healthy subjects (i.e., controls). Functional brain networks in five different EEG frequency bands and the broadband signal were estimated using an EEG connectivity approach at the source level. Graph theory-based analyses were used to evaluate group differences between healthy volunteers and patient groups.\n\nResults showed that networks in DOC patients are characterized by impaired global information processing (network integration) and increased local information processing (network segregation) as compared to controls. The large-scale functional brain networks had integration decreasing with lower level of consciousness.

neuroscience↗