Genome-wide association study identifies 143 loci associated with 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentration.
Vitamin D deficiency is a candidate risk factor for a range of adverse health outcomes. In a genome-wide association study of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration in 417,580 Europeans we identified 143 independent loci in 112 1-Mb regions providing new insights into the physiology of vitamin D and implicating genes involved in (a) lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, (b) dermal tissue properties, and (c) the sulphonation and glucuronidation of 25OHD. Mendelian randomization models found no robust evidence that 25OHD concentration had causal effects on candidate phenotypes (e.g. BMI, psychiatric disorders), but many phenotypes had (direct or indirect) causal effects on 25OHD concentration, clarifying the relationship between 25OHD status and health.