Integrated multiomic profiling reveals SWI/SNF subunit-specific pathway alterations and targetable vulnerabilities
Mutations in subunits of the SWItch Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex occur in {approx}20% of cancers and represent a highly unmet medical need. To identify novel therapeutic approaches, we systematically characterized transcriptomic and proteomic changes caused by the loss of SWI/SNF subunits or other epigenetic enzymes in isogenic cell lines, which we subsequently integrated with high-throughput drug screening and independent genetic screens of the DepMap project. Using an optimized bioinformatics pipeline for pathway enrichment, we identified Metabolism of proteins as the most frequently dysregulated Reactome pathway category in SWI/SNF-defective cell lines. Drug screening and multiomic integration revealed multiple chemicals selectively cytotoxic for SWI/SNF-defective models, including CBP/EP300 or mitochondrial respiration inhibitors. A novel algorithm for the analysis of DepMap CRISPR screens independently identified synthetic lethality between SWI/SNF defects and EP300 or mitochondrial respiration genes, which we further revalidated in disease-relevant models. These results unravel novel genetic dependencies for SWI/SNF-defective cancers.