Andrea, B. | Search bioRxiv

bioRxiv2023

Dynamics of Collagen Oxidation and Cross Linking in Regenerating and Irreversibly Infarcted Myocardium

In mammalian hearts myocardial infarction produces a permanent collagen-rich scar. Conversely, in zebrafish a collagen-rich scar forms but is completely resorbed as the myocardium regenerates. The formation of cross-links in collagen hinders its degradation but cross-linking has not been well characterized in zebrafish hearts. Here, a library of fluorescent probes to quantify collagen oxidation, the first step in collagen cross-link (CCL) formation, was developed. Myocardial injury in mice or zebrafish resulted in similar dynamics of collagen oxidation in the myocardium in the first month after injury. However, during this time, mature CCLs such as pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline developed in the murine infarcts but not in the zebrafish hearts. High levels of newly oxidized collagen were still seen in murine scars with mature CCLs. These data suggest that fibrogenesis remains dynamic, even in mature scars, and that the absence of mature CCLs in zebrafish hearts may facilitate their ability to regenerate.

biochemistry↗

bioRxiv2022

Indigenous Cultural Safety Training for Applied Health, Social Work and Education Professionals: A PRISMA Scoping Review

BackgroundAnti-Indigenous racism is a widespread social problem in health, social work, and education systems in English-speaking Colonized countries such as Canada, with profound negative impacts to the health and education of Indigenous peoples. In 2015, Canadas Truth and Reconciliation Commission recognized the legacy and impact of Colonization and recommended training programs for these professions on cultural competency and curricula, and on the colonial history of Canada. Yet there is little evidence on best practices for such training, highlighting the need to synthesize existing findings on how these training programs are developed, implemented, and evaluated. MethodsThis scoping review explored the academic literature on Indigenous cultural safety and competence training in the health, social work, and education fields. Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC and ASSIA were searched for articles published between 1996-2020 in Canada, United States, Australia, and New Zealand. The Joanna Briggs Institutes three-step search strategy was used as was the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. Data was charted and synthesized in three stages. Results134 were included in this review. Data was extracted on four themes: 1) Article Characteristic; 2) Cultural Safety Concepts, Critiques and Rationale; 3) Characteristics of Cultural Safety Training; and 4) Evaluation Details of Cultural Safety Training. Findings suggest that research on cultural safety training programs in health, social work and education has grown significantly. Nursing and medicine professions have received a significant proportion of cultural training programs, compared with general/allied health, social work, and education. Across fields, professionals and students were targeted equally by training programs. Only half of evaluations of cultural safety and related intervention identified methodological limitations. ImplicationsConsidering, comparing, and contrasting literature on cultural safety and related concepts and how they are applied in practice would advance this scholarly work, as would more robust evaluations of cultural safety and similar training interventions to understand their impact at the individual level. Finally, commitment to meaningfully engage Indigenous communities to develop, implement and evaluate such programs is urgently needed.

scientific communication and education↗