Biology subjects

Adise, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Adise, S..

8 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

Dual ecological-cultural pathways of sociocultural environment and resting state functional connectivity among Hispanic adolescents in the ABCD Study

Hispanic Americans face persistent health disparities rooted in complex sociocultural and bioecodevelopmental dynamics. Identifying early neurodevelopmental trajectories that confer risk or resilience during adolescence is critical for developing targeted health equity interventions. Grounded in the NIMHD Research Framework and bioecodevelopmental theory, data from 12- to 14-year-old Hispanic adolescents in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study were analyzed (n=236). Partial least squares correlation (PLSC) was used to evaluate multivariate associations between sociocultural measures, spanning individual, family, and community levels, and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) networks. Post hoc linear mixed-effects models examined how derived sociocultural-rsFC patterns predicted measures of physical and mental health, linking bioecodevelopmental patterns to adolescent well-being. PLSC revealed dual community- and family-level neural pathways of biological embedding, diverging from traditional nested bioecodevelopmental assumptions. The community pathway linked child opportunity and neighborhood disadvantage to connectivity across Cingulo-Opercular, Default, Dorsal Attention, Visual Networks. This community-rsFC profile was associated with lower respiratory functioning, reflecting an allostatic load marker of environmental stress. The family pathway linked caregiver ethnic identity and heritage acculturation to Default, Ventral Attention, Sensorimotor-Mouth, and Visual Networks connectivity, suggesting that the family system shapes neural systems underlying social attunement and identity formation. Structural community factors and familial culture impose distinct neurobiological demands on the adolescent connectome among Hispanic youth. Findings highlight respiratory health as a biological marker of environmental adversity and underscore the necessity of structural and culturally sustaining interventions to promote health equity among Hispanic youth.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2025

Sex-specific Effects of Outdoor Air Pollution on Subcortical Microstructure and Weight Gain: Findings from the ABCD Study

Obesity is associated with structural alterations of brain regions that support eating behavior. Exposure to air pollutants might exacerbate this association through neurotoxic effects on the brain. This study evaluated whether air pollution exposure 9-10 years old children, coupled with brain microstructure development in appetite-regulating regions, is associated with body mass index (BMI) changes over two years, and whether these associations differ by sex. Data were gathered from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study(R) (nbaseline=4,802, ages=9-10, males=49.9%, nfollow-up=2,439, ages=11-12, males=51.1%). Annual average estimates of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ground-level ozone (O3), and redox-weighted oxidative capacity (Oxwt, a joint measure of NO2 and O3) were gathered from youths residential addresses. Brain microstructure in 16 subcortical regions was assessed using diffusion-weighted MRI, focusing on proxies of cellular and neurite density: restricted normalized isotropic (RNI) and directional (RND) diffusion, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models examined whether air pollution and brain microstructure are related to BMI changes over two years, and whether these associations differed by sex. Exposure to PM2.5 coupled with high RND estimates in right caudate nucleus, bilateral putamen, and pallidum were associated with higher BMI over time, with pronounced effects in males (all p<0.05). PM2.5 coupled with greater neurite density in regions involved in reward-processing and decision-making were associated with higher BMI over a 2-year follow-up, especially in males. This research highlights air pollution as a modifiable risk factor for how differences in basal ganglia neurite density map onto obesity risk, with important implications for public health policy. HIGHLIGHTSO_LIHigh PM2.5 exposure and subcortical neurite density is associated with weight gain C_LIO_LIPM2.5 and subcortical development associations with BMI are pronounced in males C_LIO_LISignificant associations with BMI were found in regions involved in food intake C_LI

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2024

Novel MRI-based Biotypes of Human Neurodevelopment associated with Impulsivity performance

IntroductionAdequate neurodevelopment is critical to the proper advancement of cognitive and emotional processing; however, variation in neurodevelopment has emerged as a potential risk factor for subsequent drug use. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is an ongoing and longitudinal study to determine the developmental trajectories of the brain and how experiences impact brain development, which makes it an ideal framework study to determine proper neurodevelopmental trajectories associated with healthy executive function behavioral development and their neurobiology. MethodBased on the availability of ABCD (Release 5.1) tabulated data, we selected 1368 subjects with neuroimaging records on multiple time points. To focus on the frontal cortex, we preprocess 20 ROIs (including ten regions with right and left cerebral hemispheres) cortical thickness measurements for SuStaIn. Once SuStaIn determined the potential control and phenotype (subtypes) group, we conducted t-tests between the control and phenotype groups on their delay discounting measurements. To overserve possible trajectories, we also investigated the correlation of the thickness measurements with delay discounting under the suggested phenotype by SuStaIn. ResultsSuStaIn identified four subtypes and one potential control group, validated by cross-validation test as the optimal solution for balancing model accuracy and complexity. Among the t-tests on delay discounting results between the control group and each subtype, subtype1 tends to show low significance on the 3-month indifference point (p=0.067), subtype 2 identifies a significant reduction in impulsivity on the 1-month indifference point (p=0.017), subtype 4 stands significant reduction at on 3-month indifference point (p=0.0092) and significance on 1-year indifference point (p=0.00418). For the correlations between each selected ROI, we identified a negative correlation (R=-0.18, p=0.0095) between the thickness of the left hemisphere caudal-anterior-cingulate and delay discounting indifference point at 3 months. ConclusionWe successfully identified four subtypes of the ABCD, which may be putative abnormal trajectories of executive function accelerated development. Three of the four subtypes reflect impulsive behavioral phenotype, and one displays an association with cortical thinning. Overall, we present evidence that there are putative neurobiological signs of potential executive function disruption as early as nine years of age.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2024

Longitudinal mapping of cortical change during early adolescence associated with prenatal tobacco and/or alcohol exposure in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study

ImportanceThe effects of prenatal alcohol (PAE) and tobacco exposure (PTE) on adolescent neuroanatomical development are typically evaluated cross-sectionally. It is unclear if observed effects persist throughout life or reflect different developmental trajectories. ObjectiveTo determine how PAE and PTE are associated with cortical structure and development across two timepoints in early adolescence. DesignObservational, longitudinal analyses of data within the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development{square} Study Setting21 study sites in the United States Participants5,417 youth participants, aged [~]9-12 years old ExposuresPAE and PTE based on caregiver (self) reports of alcohol/tobacco use during pregnancy, before and after pregnancy recognition. Main Outcomes and MeasuresCortical thickness (mm) and cortical surface area (mm2) measured approximately 2 years apart in early adolescence, across 68 bilateral cortical regions. ResultsAt baseline data collection, youth participants were [~]9.9 years old (SD=0.6). At the second neuroimaging appointment, youth participants were [~]11.9 years old (SD=0.6). When modelling cortical thickness, we controlled for individuals whole-brain volume; when modelling cortical surface area, individuals total surface area. Cortical thickness generally declined with age. Cortical surface area either expanded or contracted with age, depending on region. PAE had minimal effects on cortical structure (main effects) and development (PAExAge interactions). PTE had robust effects on cortical thickness and was associated with faster rates of cortical thinning in several regions within the frontal lobe. Post hoc analyses on (1) the effects of PTE for those who continued tobacco use after pregnancy recognition and (2) the effects of PTE in those who did not also use alcohol revealed weaker effects. Conclusions and RelevancePTE had robust effects on neuroanatomical structure and longitudinal development, particularly cortical thickness. Analyzing developmental cortical trajectories informs how PTE and/or PAE not only affects cortical structure but how it develops long after those prenatal exposures occurred. Future analyses involving cotinine biomarkers of PTE would enhance the temporal resolution of the ABCD Study(R)s PTE-related queries of tobacco use before and after learning of the pregnancy. Key Points- How does prenatal tobacco and/or alcohol exposure affect brain structure and longitudinal development in early adolescence? - Prenatal tobacco exposure was robustly associated with faster rates of cortical thinning in the frontal lobe; prenatal alcohol exposure had more minimal effects. - Prenatal substance exposure, especially prenatal tobacco exposure, not only affects cortical structure but how it develops long after those prenatal exposures occurred.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2024

Longitudinal sex-at-birth and age analyses of cortical structure in the ABCD Study

While the brain continues to develop during adolescence, such development may depend on sex-at-birth. However, the elucidation of such differences may be hindered by analytical decisions (e.g., covariate selection to address body/brain-size differences) and the typical reporting of cross-sectional data. To further evaluate adolescent cortical development, we analyzed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development StudySM, whose cohort of 11,000+ youth participants with biannual neuroimaging data collection can facilitate understanding neuroanatomical change during a critical developmental window. Doubly considering individual differences in the context of group-level effects, we analyzed regional changes in cortical thickness, sulcal depth, surface area, and volume between two timepoints ([~]2 years apart) in 9-to 12-year-olds assigned male or female sex-at-birth. First, we conducted linear mixed-effects models to gauge how controlling for intracranial volume, whole-brain volume (WBV), or a summary metric (e.g., mean cortical thickness) influenced interpretations of age-dependent cortical change. Next, we evaluated the relative changes in thickness and surface area as a function of sex-at-birth and age. Here, we showed that WBV (thickness, sulcal depth, volume) and total cortical surface area were more optimal covariates; controlling for different covariates would have substantially altered our interpretations of overall and sex-at-birth-specific neuroanatomical development. Further, we provided evidence to suggest that aggregate change in how cortical thickness is changing relative to surface area is generally comparable across those assigned male or female sex-at-birth, with corresponding change happening at slightly older ages in those assigned male sex-at-birth. Overall, these results help elucidate neuroanatomical developmental trajectories in early adolescence. Significance StatementWhile most of our brains development happens early in life, much of it still happens in adolescence. Because many factors can alter those developmental trajectories, it is important to evaluate the shape/timing of those trajectories (i.e., what generally constitutes typical brain development). Here, we showed that our understanding of those trajectories can be affected by how we choose to analyze them. First, we showed that the way researchers address differences in brain/body size affects how we interpret regional variation in brain change over time. Further, we showed that it is important to consider how similar patterns of development may simply be happening at different ages in different groups. These results support a relatively novel way of analyzing adolescent brain development.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

Relating neighborhood deprivation to childhood obesity in the ABCD Study(R): evidence for theories of neuroinflammation and neuronal stress

ObjectiveWe evaluated whether the relationships between area deprivation (ADI), body mass index (BMI) and brain structure (e.g., cortical thickness, subcortical volume) during pre-adolescence supported the neuroinflammation (NI) and/or neuronal stress (NS) theories of overeating. The NI theory proposes that ADI causes structural alteration in the brain due to the neuroinflammatory effects of overeating unhealthy foods. The NS theory proposes that ADI-related stress negatively impacts brain structure, which causes stress-related overeating and subsequent obesity. MethodsData were gathered from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study(R) (9-12-years-old; n=2872, 51.3% female). Linear mixed-effects models identified brain regions that were associated with both ADI and BMI; longitudinal mediation models assessed potential causal pathways. The NI model included ADI and BMI at 9/10-years-old and brain data at 11/12-years-old. The NS model included ADI and brain data at 9/10-years-old and BMI at 11/12-years-old. ResultsIn the NI model, BMI at 9/10-years-old positively mediated the relationship between AD and cortical thinning in the cuneus, lingual, and paracentral gyrus and larger volume of the Ventral DC at 11/12-years-old. In the NS model, cortical thinning in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, lingual gyrus and larger volume of the Ventral DC at 9/10-years-old partially mediated the relationship between ADI and BMI at 11/12-years-old. ConclusionGreater area deprivation may indicate fewer access to resources that support healthy development, like nutritious food and non-stressful environments. Our findings provide evidence in support of the neuroinflammation and stress theories of overeating, specifically, with greater ADI influencing health outcomes of obesity via brain structure alterations.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2022

Longitudinal assessment of brain structure and behavior in youth with rapid weight gain: Potential contributing causes and consequences

ObjectiveIndependent of weight status, rapid weight gain has been associated with underlying brain structure variation in regions associated with food intake and impulsivity among pre-adolescents. Yet, we lack clarity on how developmental maturation coincides with rapid weight gain and weight stability. MethodsWe identified brain predictors of two-year rapid weight gain and its longitudinal effects on brain structure and impulsivity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study(R). Youth were categorized as Healthy Weight/Weight Stable (WSHW, n=225) or Weight Gainers (WG, n=221, >38lbs); 63% of the WG group were healthy weight at 9-to-10-years-old. ResultsA five-fold cross-validated logistic elastic-net regression revealed that rapid weight gain was associated with structural variation amongst 39 brain features at 9-to-10-years-old in regions involved with executive functioning, appetitive control, and reward sensitivity. Two years later, WG youth showed differences in change over time in several of these regions and performed worse on measures of impulsivity. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that brain structure in pre-adolescence may predispose some to rapid weight gain and that weight gain itself may alter maturational brain change in regions important for food intake and impulsivity. Behavioral interventions that target inhibitory control may improve trajectories of brain maturation and facilitate healthier behaviors.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2021

A Comprehensive Overview of the Physical Health of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) Cohort at Baseline

Physical health in childhood is crucial for neurobiological as well as overall development, and can shape long-term outcomes into adulthood. The landmark, longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development StudySM (ABCD study(R)), was designed to investigate brain development and health in almost 12,000 youth who were recruited when they were 9-10 years old and will be followed through adolescence and early adulthood. The overall goal of this paper is to provide descriptive analyses of physical health measures in the ABCD study at baseline, including but not limited to sleep, physical activity and sports involvement, and body mass index, and how these measures vary across demographic groups. This paper outlines how the physical health of the ABCD sample corresponds with that of the US population and highlights important avenues for health disparity research. This manuscript will provide important information for ABCD users and help guide analyses investigating physical health as it pertains to adolescent and young adult development.

developmental biology↗